- Modified on: 2025-12-08
- This version:
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon/0.1.0
- Latest version:
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Revision:
- 0.0.1 (hybrid OWL+SKOS approach)
- Creator:
- DFO Pacific Science — Data Stewardship Unit, Fishery & Assessment Data Section
- Contributors:
- Brett Johnson✉
- Melissa K. Morrison✉
- Publisher:
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Pacific Region Science Branch
- Download serialization:
- License:
- Visualization:
- Bibliographic citation:
- Fishery & Assessment Data Section (FADS) Data Stewardship Unit. DFO Salmon Ontology. Revision: 0.0.1. Retrieved from: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon/0.1.0
- Vocabulary maintained at:
- https://github.com/dfo-pacific-science/salmon-ontology
- Biological Benchmark and Indicator Scheme
- COSEWIC Status Scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Estimate Type Scheme
- Rapid status confidence scheme
- Salmon Origin Scheme
- Stock Status Zone Scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Wild Salmon Policy metric scheme
- Wild Salmon Policy Status Zone
- Bypass/Breach Risk
- Classification
- Cross-section Coverage
- Detectability
- Device Configuration
- Documentation
- Downgrade Criteria
- Effort Standardization
- Environmental Conditions
- Infill Method
- Mark-Recapture Assumptions
- Method Unknown/Inconsistent
- Number of Visits
- Precision/Accuracy
- Reach Coverage
- Review/QA
- Run Coverage
- Timing
- Trap Efficiency
- Uptime
- Visibility
- Aerial Survey Count
- Amber zone
- Area Under the Curve
- Biological Benchmark and Indicator Scheme
- Bypass/Breach Risk
- Calibrated Time Series
- Classification
- Confidence category
- COSEWIC Status Scheme
- Cross-section Coverage
- Data, Models, and Provenance
- Detectability
- Device Configuration
- Dimension
- Documentation
- Downgrade Criteria
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Effort Standardization
- Electrofishing Count
- Enumeration Method
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Environmental Conditions
- Estimate Method
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Estimate Type
- Estimate Type Scheme
- Expansion/Mathematical Operations
- Fisheries Management
- Fixed Site Census (Electronic)
- Fixed Site Census (Manual)
- Fixed‑Station Tally
- Genetics and Stock Composition
- Green zone
- Habitat, Ecosystem, and Climate Pressures
- High WSP rapid-status confidence
- Hydroacoustic Modelling
- Hydroacoustic Sonar Count
- Infill Method
- Low rapid-status confidence
- Mark-Recapture Analysis
- Mark-Recapture Assumptions
- Mark-Recapture Field Program
- Medium rapid-status confidence
- Method Unknown/Inconsistent
- Monitoring and Field Work
- Number of Visits
- Peak Count Analysis
- Policy, Governance, and Organizational Structure
- Precision/Accuracy
- Quality Annotation
- Rapid status confidence scheme
- Reach Coverage
- Red zone
- Redd Count
- Redd Expansion Analysis
- Review/QA
- Run Coverage
- Salmon Enhancement and Hatcheries
- Salmon Origin Scheme
- Species at Risk and Recovery
- Stock Assessment
- Stock Status Zone Scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Timing
- Trap Count
- Trap Efficiency
- Trap Model Analysis
- Type-1, True Abundance, high resolution
- Type-2, True Abundance, medium resolution
- Type-3, Relative Abundance, high resolution
- Type-4, Relative Abundance, medium resolution
- Type-5, Relative Abundance, low resolution
- Type-6, Presence or Absence
- Uptime
- Visibility
- Visual Ground Count
- Visual Snorkel Count
- Wild Salmon Policy
- Wild Salmon Policy biological status zone
- Wild Salmon Policy metric scheme
- Wild Salmon Policy Status Zone
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Wild Salmon Policy Status Zone
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Rapid status confidence scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Type Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Wild Salmon Policy Status Zone
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Rapid status confidence scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Rapid status confidence scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Rapid status confidence scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Wild Salmon Policy Status Zone
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Type Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Type Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Type Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Type Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Type Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Estimate Type Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Downgrade Criteria Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Enumeration Method Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Theme Scheme
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- In scheme
- Wild Salmon Policy Status Zone
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Algorithm threshold
- Brood year
- Catch year
- Conservation Unit
- Escapement
- Escapement measurement
- Escapement Survey Event
- Exploitation rate
- Indicator river
- Limit reference point
- Metric benchmark
- Observed rate or abundance
- Reference point
- Reporting or management stratum
- Stock
- Stock assessment
- Stock Management Unit
- Survey event
- Target or limit rate or abundance
- Total exploitation rate
- Upper stock reference
- WSP rapid status
- Year basis
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- DFO (2024). Rapid Status Approximations for Pacific Salmon Derived from Integrated Expert Assessments under Canada’s Wild Salmon Policy. CSAS Science Response 2024/004.
- https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/csas-sccs/Publications/ScR-RS/2024/2024_004-eng.pdf
- has super-classes
- information content entity c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- Adapted from the Government of Canada Pacific Salmon Glossary
- https://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/fm-gp/salmon-saumon/gloss-eng.html
- has super-classes
- Year basis c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- has super-classes
- Year basis c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- Canada's Policy for Conservation of Wild Pacific Salmon Glossary.
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada. (2005). Canada's Policy for Conservation of Wild Pacific Salmon. Retrieved from https://waves-vagues.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/library-bibliotheque/315577.pdf.
- https://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/fm-gp/salmon-saumon/wsp-pss/policy-politique-eng.html#glossary
- has super-classes
- Reporting or management stratum c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada. (2005). Canada's Policy for Conservation of Wild Pacific Salmon. Retrieved from https://waves-vagues.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/library-bibliotheque/315577.pdf.
- has super-classes
- process c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- has super-classes
- measurement datum c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- has super-classes
- Survey event c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada. (2019). Government of Canada. Pacific Salmon - Glossary. https://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/fm-gp/salmon-saumon/gloss-eng.html. [Accessed 09-10-2025]
- has super-classes
- Target or limit rate or abundance c
- has sub-classes
- Total exploitation rate c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- has super-classes
- lotic water body c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada. (2024). Introduction to Stock Assessment - Glossary. https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/species-especes/fisheries-halieutiques/assessment-evaluation/glossary-glossaire/index-eng.html. [Accessed 09-10-2025].
- has super-classes
- Reference point c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- Pestal, G. et al. (2023). State of the Salmon: Rapid Status Assessment Approach for Pacific Salmon under Canada’s Wild Salmon Policy.
- https://publications.gc.ca/site/eng/9.928944/publication.html
- has super-classes
- information content entity c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- has super-classes
- measurement datum c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- DFO Introduction to Stock Assessment Glossary.
- https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/species-especes/fisheries-halieutiques/assessment-evaluation/glossary-glossaire/index-eng.html
- has super-classes
- information content entity c
- has sub-classes
- Limit reference point c, Upper stock reference c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- has super-classes
- information content entity c
- has sub-classes
- Conservation Unit c, Stock Management Unit c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- DFO Introduction to Stock Assessment Glossary; Pacific Salmon Commission Technical Report No. 49.
- https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/species-especes/fisheries-halieutiques/assessment-evaluation/glossary-glossaire/index-eng.html
- has super-classes
- Organism c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada. (2024). Introduction to Stock Assessment. Available at https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/species-especes/fisheries-halieutiques/assessment-evaluation/module-1/09-eng.html [Accessed 10-28-2025].
- has super-classes
- process c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- DFO Introduction to Stock Assessment Glossary.
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada. (2024). Introduction to Stock Assessment - Glossary. https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/species-especes/fisheries-halieutiques/assessment-evaluation/glossary-glossaire/index-eng.html. [Accessed 09-10-2025].
- https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/science/species-especes/fisheries-halieutiques/assessment-evaluation/glossary-glossaire/index-eng.html
- has super-classes
- Reporting or management stratum c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada. (2021). About the Sustainability Survey for Fisheries. Available at https://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/reports-rapports/regs/sff-cpd/survey-sondage/about-propos-en.html. [Accessed 09-10-2025].
- has super-classes
- Event c
- has sub-classes
- Escapement Survey Event c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- has super-classes
- measurement datum c
- has sub-classes
- Exploitation rate c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- has super-classes
- Exploitation rate c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- DFO Introduction to Stock Assessment Glossary.
- has super-classes
- Reference point c
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- Source
- Pestal, G., MacDonald, B. L., Grant, S. C. H., and Holt, C. A. (2023). State of the Salmon: rapid status assessment approach for Pacific salmon under Canada’s Wild Salmon Policy. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 3570: xiv + 200 p.
- Is defined by
- https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon
- has sub-classes
- Brood year c, Catch year c
- Courtot, M., Courtot, M., Gibson, F., Lister, A., Malone, J., Schober, D., Brinkman, R., & Ruttenberg, A. (2009). MIREOT: the Minimum Information to Reference an External Ontology Term. Nature Precedings. https://doi.org/10.1038/npre.2009.3576
- Garijo, D. (2017). WIDOCO: A wizard for documenting ontologies. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 10588 LNCS, 94–102. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68204-4_9
- Jackson, R., Matentzoglu, N., Overton, J. A., Vita, R., Balhoff, J. P., Buttigieg, P. L., Carbon, S., Courtot, M., Diehl, A. D., Dooley, D. M., Duncan, W. D., Harris, N. L., Haendel, M. A., Lewis, S. E., Natale, D. A., Osumi-Sutherland, D., Ruttenberg, A., Schriml, L. M., Smith, B., … Peters, B. (2021). OBO Foundry in 2021: operationalizing open data principles to evaluate ontologies. Database : The Journal of Biological Databases and Curation, 2021(0), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baab069
- Wilkinson, M. D., Dumontier, M., Aalbersberg, Ij. J., Appleton, G., Axton, M., Baak, A., Blomberg, N., Boiten, J.-W., da Silva Santos, L. B., Bourne, P. E., Bouwman, J., Brookes, A. J., Clark, T., Crosas, M., Dillo, I., Dumon, O., Edmunds, S., Evelo, C. T., Finkers, R., … Mons, B. (2016). The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship. Scientific Data, 3(1), 160018. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18
GC DFO Salmon Ontology
Release: 2025-12-08
Ontology Specification Draft
Overview
The GC DFO Salmon Ontology is a data stewardship and operational process ontology designed to provide a semantic framework for managing, integrating, and stewarding Pacific salmon data across Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO). Its goal is to make salmon data interoperable, discoverable, and analyzable with minimal friction for scientists, data stewards, and managers.Concept schemes & SKOS concepts
Every SKOS concept scheme defined in the ontology is listed below with the current concepts assigned to it.
Biological Benchmark and Indicator Scheme
Controlled vocabulary for key biological benchmarks, performance indicators, and reference points used in salmon stock assessment and management (e.g., SMSY, Sgen, spawner abundance).
Downgrade Criteria Scheme
Controlled vocabulary for estimate type downgrade criteria
Enumeration Method Scheme
Controlled vocabulary for salmon enumeration methods
Estimate Method Scheme
Controlled vocabulary for salmon estimate methods
Estimate Type Scheme
Controlled vocabulary for Hyatt 1997 estimate types
Rapid status confidence scheme
Controlled vocabulary for categorical confidence ratings attached to rapid status assessments.
Salmon Origin Scheme
Controlled vocabulary for describing the origin of individual salmon (e.g., natural-origin, hatchery-origin, mixed-origin).
Currently no SKOS concepts are declared under this scheme.
Stock Status Zone Scheme
Controlled vocabulary for stock status zones under the Precautionary Approach.
Theme Scheme
High-level thematic concept scheme for organizing DFO Salmon Ontology classes and concepts.
Wild Salmon Policy metric scheme
Controlled vocabulary for the Wild Salmon Policy rapid-status metrics and related analytical concepts.
Wild Salmon Policy Status Zone
Controlled vocabulary for biological status zones under the Wild Salmon Policy.
SKOS Concepts
This section provides details for each SKOS concept defined in the ontology.
Aerial Survey Countskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#AerialSurveyCount
Overflights (helicopter, fixed wing, or drone) with documented flight lines, coverage, visibility, and sensor settings. Imagery may be reviewed post-flight.
Amber zoneskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#AmberZone
Amber status implies caution in the management of the Conservation Unit. While a CU in the Amber zone should be at a low risk of loss, there will be a degree of lost production. Decisions about the conservation of CUs in the Amber zone will involve broader consideration of biological, social, and economic issues.
Area Under the Curveskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#AreaUnderTheCurve
Integrates serial counts over time using a survey-life parameter; may apply observer efficiency.
Biological Benchmark and Indicator Schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#BiologicalBenchmarkAndIndicatorScheme
Controlled vocabulary for key biological benchmarks, performance indicators, and reference points used in salmon stock assessment and management (e.g., SMSY, Sgen, spawner abundance).
Bypass/Breach Riskskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#BreachBypass
Bypass or breach risks not monitored and verified negligible
Calibrated Time Seriesskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#CalibratedTimeSeries
Regression/state-space model calibrated to a Type-1/2 series converts a lower-precision index to abundance.
Classificationskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Classification
Classification/attribution not documented
Confidence categoryskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ConfidenceCategory
Categorical confidence rating (High, Medium, Low) for stock assessment metrics.
COSEWIC Status Schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#COSEWICStatusScheme
Controlled vocabulary for COSEWIC statuses
Cross-section Coverageskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#CrossSectionCoverage
Incomplete cross-section coverage
Data, Models, and Provenanceskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#DataModelProvenanceTheme
Data models, analytical workflows, provenance, quality dimensions, and metadata supporting salmon science.
Detectabilityskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Detectability
Detectability factors not validated
Device Configurationskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#DeviceConfiguration
Device not within operational specifications
Documentationskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Documentation
Missing SIL/SEN logs or QA/methods report
Downgrade Criteriaskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#DowngradeCriteria
Criteria that may result in downgrading an escapement estimate type classification
Downgrade Criteria Schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#DowngradeCriteriaScheme
Controlled vocabulary for estimate type downgrade criteria
Effort Standardizationskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EffortStandardization
Effort not standardized
Electrofishing Countskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ElectrofishingCount
Effort-standardized electrofishing passes used to generate catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) indices.
Enumeration Methodskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EnumerationMethod
A method used to enumerate or count salmon in the field
Enumeration Method Schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EnumerationMethodScheme
Controlled vocabulary for salmon enumeration methods
Environmental Conditionsskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EnvironmentalConditions
Environmental conditions outside specifications
Estimate Methodskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EstimateMethod
A method used to analyze and estimate salmon abundance from enumeration data
Estimate Method Schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EstimateMethodScheme
Controlled vocabulary for salmon estimate methods
Estimate Typeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EstimateType
Classification of escapement estimate quality based on Hyatt 1997 framework
Estimate Type Schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EstimateTypeScheme
Controlled vocabulary for Hyatt 1997 estimate types
Expansion/Mathematical Operationsskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ExpansionMathematicalOperations
Applies expansion factors or arithmetic transforms to a base count/index.
Fisheries Managementskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#FisheriesManagementTheme
Fishery openings, harvest control rules, catch/effort measures, and exploitation monitoring for salmon fisheries.
Fixed Site Census (Electronic)skos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#FixedSiteCensusElectronic
Automated counting at a constrained opening using electronic/optical counters, resistivity counters, or video/camera systems. QA review of automated events, cross-section coverage, and uptime/coverage are documented.
Fixed Site Census (Manual)skos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#FixedSiteCensusManual
Salmon are guided through a controlled opening in a fence/weir where trained observers visually tally each passage event on a continuous or daily schedule. Counting chambers/windows and SIL/SEN daily logs document coverage; bypass routes are monitored and closed where possible.
Fixed‑Station Tallyskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#FixedStationTally
Seasonal total = roll‑up of daily/continuous counts from a fixed (non‑sonar) station; simple arithmetic with documented coverage.
Genetics and Stock Compositionskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#GeneticsStockCompositionTheme
Genetic markers, assays, and analyses used to infer stock composition, parentage, and population structure.
Green zoneskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#GreenZone
Social and economic considerations will tend to be the primary drivers for the management of Conservation Units in the Green zone, though ecosystem or other non-consumptive use values could also be considered.
Habitat, Ecosystem, and Climate Pressuresskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#HabitatEcosystemClimateTheme
Habitat attributes, ecosystem conditions, and climate or environmental stressors affecting salmon.
High WSP rapid-status confidenceskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#RapidStatusConfidenceHigh
Hydroacoustic Modellingskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#HydroacousticModelling
Model pipeline converts sonar detections to passage totals; sets range/angle/blind zones; species/size attribution rules documented.
Hydroacoustic Sonar Countskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#HydroacousticSonarCount
Sonar detections (ARIS, DIDSON, or other hydroacoustic systems) with documented coverage, visibility/noise conditions, and uptime. Raw detections require processing through a modelling/classification pipeline.
Infill Methodskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#InfillMethod
Interpolation used for missing data; defensibility must be documented
Low rapid-status confidenceskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#RapidStatusConfidenceLow
Mark-Recapture Analysisskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#MarkRecaptureAnalysis
Capture-recapture estimators (Petersen, Jolly-Seber, open/Bayesian models) applied to field marks/recoveries.
Mark-Recapture Assumptionsskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#MarkRecaptureAssumptions
MR assumptions not evaluated
Mark-Recapture Field Programskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#MarkRecaptureFieldProgram
Field program involving marking and subsequent recapture/recovery of tagged fish with documented assumptions and recovery coverage.
Medium rapid-status confidenceskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#RapidStatusConfidenceMedium
Method Unknown/Inconsistentskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#MethodUnknown
Survey/analytical methods not adequately identified/consistent
Monitoring and Field Workskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#MonitoringFieldWorkTheme
Field observations, sampling protocols, survey events, gear, and measurement methods used to collect salmon data.
Number of Visitsskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#NumberOfVisits
Insufficient number of survey visits
Peak Count Analysisskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#PeakCountAnalysis
Uses the peak survey (live ± dead variants) as the season estimate/index.
Policy, Governance, and Organizational Structureskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#PolicyGovernanceTheme
DFO policy frameworks, governance, regulations, and organizational structure relevant to salmon management.
Precision/Accuracyskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#PrecisionAccuracy
Precision/accuracy weaker than expected for type
Rapid status confidence schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#RapidStatusConfidenceScheme
Controlled vocabulary for categorical confidence ratings attached to rapid status assessments.
Reach Coverageskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ReachCoverage
Insufficient reach coverage
Red zoneskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#RedZone
A Conservation Unit in the Red zone is undesirable because of the risk of extirpation, and the loss of ecological benefits and salmon production. Changes in status will trigger management actions that will vary depending on species, geographic regions, and cause of the decline.
Redd Countskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ReddCount
Redd counts with documentation of detectability, timing, and reach coverage. Conversion to spawner estimates requires spawners-per-redd factors handled in analysis.
Redd Expansion Analysisskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ReddExpansionAnalysis
Converts redd counts to spawner estimates using spawners-per-redd expansion factors.
Review/QAskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ReviewQA
Insufficient QA review of automated events
Run Coverageskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#RunCoverage
Run-window coverage < 95% of season days
Salmon Enhancement and Hatcheriesskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#SalmonEnhancementHatcheriesTheme
Hatchery production, broodstock management, releases, and enhancement program practices for salmon.
Salmon Origin Schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#SalmonOriginScheme
Controlled vocabulary for describing the origin of individual salmon (e.g., natural-origin, hatchery-origin, mixed-origin).
Species at Risk and Recoveryskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#SpeciesAtRiskRecoveryTheme
COSEWIC/SARA recovery planning, critical habitat, threats, and status assessments for species of conservation concern.
Stock Assessmentskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#StockAssessmentTheme
Stock assessment models, benchmarks, status determinations, and performance metrics for salmon units.
Stock Status Zone Schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#StockStatusZoneScheme
Controlled vocabulary for stock status zones under the Precautionary Approach.
Theme Schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ThemeScheme
High-level thematic concept scheme for organizing DFO Salmon Ontology classes and concepts.
Timingskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Timing
Poor timing of surveys
Trap Countskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#TrapCount
Trap-based counts from non-spanning traps with documented emptying schedule, efficiency measurements, and coverage information.
Trap Efficiencyskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#TrapEfficiency
Trap efficiency not measured/validated
Trap Model Analysisskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#TrapModelAnalysis
Trap-based counts adjusted with efficiency/coverage models to estimate total passage.
Type-1, True Abundance, high resolutionskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Type1
Total, seasonal counts through fence or fishway; virtually no bypass. Simple, often single step analysis. Reliable resolution of between year differences >10% (in absolute units).
Type-2, True Abundance, medium resolutionskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Type2
High effort (5 or more trips), standard methods (e.g. mark-recapture, serial counts for area under curve, etc.). Simple to complex multi-step, but always rigorous. Reliable resolution of between year differences >25% (in absolute units).
Type-3, Relative Abundance, high resolutionskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Type3
High effort (5 or more trips), standard methods (e.g. equal effort surveys executed by walk, swim, overflight, etc.). Simple to complex multi-step, but always rigorous. Reliable resolution of between year differences >25% (in relative units).
Type-4, Relative Abundance, medium resolutionskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Type4
Low to moderate effort (1-4 trips), known survey method. Simple analysis by known methods. Reliable resolution of between year differences >200% (in relative units).
Type-5, Relative Abundance, low resolutionskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Type5
Low effort (e.g. 1 trip), use of vaguely defined, inconsistent or poorly executed methods. Unknown to ill defined; inconsistent or poorly executed. Uncertain numeric comparisons, but high reliability for presence or absence.
Type-6, Presence or Absenceskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Type6
Any of above methods. Not required for analysis. Moderate to high reliability for presence/absence.
Uptimeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Uptime
Counting/device uptime < 95% (or <90% with interpolation)
Visibilityskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Visibility
Poor visibility conditions
Visual Ground Countskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#VisualGroundCount
Visual surveys conducted by stream/bank walk with documented visit schedule, reach coverage, timing, and visibility conditions.
Visual Snorkel Countskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#VisualSnorkelCount
Two or more trained snorkelers conduct standardized passes within defined segments, tallying live/dead by species. Field forms capture visibility class, segment boundaries, and repeat-visit schedule; counts are aggregated across observers/passes.
Wild Salmon Policyskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#WildSalmonPolicyTheme
Conservation Unit based stock assessment methods, metrics, and metadata
Wild Salmon Policy biological status zoneskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#WSPBiologicalStatusZone
The biological status of a Conservation Unit (CU) will normally be based on the abundance and distribution of spawners in the unit, or proxies thereof. For each CU, higher and lower benchmarks will be defined that will delimit three status zones: Green, Amber, and Red. As spawner abundance decreases, a CU moves towards the lower status zone, and the extent of management intervention for conservation purposes will increase.
Wild Salmon Policy metric schemeskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#WSPMetricScheme
Controlled vocabulary for the Wild Salmon Policy rapid-status metrics and related analytical concepts.
Wild Salmon Policy Status Zoneskos
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#WSPBiologicalStatusZoneScheme
Controlled vocabulary for biological status zones under the Wild Salmon Policy.
DFO Salmon Ontology
This section provides details for each class defined by DFO Salmon Ontology.
Classes
Algorithm thresholdc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#AlgorithmThreshold
Threshold value used by the rapid-status algorithm (such as Learning Tree 3) that may differ from expert-defined benchmarks to incorporate precautionary buffers.
Brood yearc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#BroodYear
The year that a cohort of salmon spawns.
The parental year for a group of returning salmon, i.e. the calendar year when the majority of parents of these fish spawned.
Catch yearc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#CatchYear
The calendar year in which returning salmon are caught in fisheries (as opposed to the brood year in which the cohort was spawned).
Conservation Unitc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ConservationUnit
A group of fish sufficiently isolated from other groups that, if extirpated, is very unlikely to recolonize naturally within an acceptable timeframe.
Escapementc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Escapement
The process by which mature salmon pass through (or escape) fisheries and return to fresh water to spawn.
Escapement measurementc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EscapementMeasurement
A measurement or estimate of escapement tied to a stock and a survey event.
Salmon escapement count
Escapement Survey Eventc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#EscapementSurveyEvent
A survey event specifically for estimating escapement.
Exploitation ratec
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ExploitationRate
Expressed as a percentage, the proportion of the total return of adult salmon in a given year that die (harvested or removed) as a result of fishing activity. ER = total fishing mortality / (total fishing mortality + escapement)
Indicator riverc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#IndicatorRiver
All spawning streams that are listed to be monitored by DFO are classified as an indicator or non-indicator stream. Indicator streams are those that have been identified in some Regions as providing more reliable indices of spawner abundance. Indicator streams tend to give relatively accurate annual spawner abundance estimates, given that they use higher quality methodologies and are more intensively/regularly surveyed. Indicator streams are also assumed to be representative of spawner returns to other streams in close geographic proximity. Non-indicator streams are typically less consistently surveyed, using more variable methodologies, and/or may simply be difficult to survey (e.g., poor water quality, remote location, etc.).
Limit reference pointc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#LimitReferencePoint
A fish stock experiencing serious harm may be depleted to the point where it has impaired productivity or reproductive capacity. As a result, the stock would be less resilient to fishing and could not easily rebuild. Serious harm may be irreversible, or only slowly reversible over the long-term, and can be due to fishing, other human-induced impacts, or natural causes. Under the Precautionary Approach policy and the Fish Stocks Provisions (FSPs), breaching the LRP is a trigger for a rebuilding plan.
Metric benchmarkc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#MetricBenchmark
Benchmark value for a WSP metric that helps delineate status zones (for example, the limit reference point for absolute abundance).
Observed rate or abundancec
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ObservedRateOrAbundance
A measurement datum representing an empirically observed rate, count, or abundance derived from monitoring or survey data.
Reference pointc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ReferencePoint
Reference points are used as targets to achieve or as limits to avoid.
Reporting or management stratumc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#ReportingOrManagementStratum
An information-defined grouping of fish populations used for reporting, conservation assessment, or management purposes. Examples include Conservation Units (CUs), Stock Management Units (MUs), and Designatable Units (DUs).
Stockc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#Stock
A biologically meaningful but operationally-focused salmon demographic unit used in assessment and reporting.
Stock assessmentc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#StockAssessment
The scientific process of analyzing data to estimate the abundance and productivity of fish stocks in the past, present, and future. It is the backbone of successful science-based fisheries management.
Stock Management Unitc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#StockManagementUnit
A collection of stocks that are managed together with a joint stock status.
Survey eventc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#SurveyEvent
A field event that collects information about key fish stocks to track their status, and track progress to implement fishery policies and measures for these stocks.
Target or limit rate or abundancec
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#TargetOrLimitRateOrAbundance
A value specification representing a policy- or model-defined target or limit, such as TAC, UMSY, or reference points.
Total exploitation ratec
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#TotalExploitationRate
The overall proportion of the total return of adult salmon removed by all fisheries over a defined period, aggregating across gear or fishery components.
Upper stock referencec
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#UpperStockReferencePoint
A threshold below which fishing must be reduced to avoid reaching the LRP. The USR must be set at an appropriate distance above the LRP to provide sufficient opportunity for managers to recognize a declining stock status and sufficient time for management actions to take effect.
WSP rapid statusc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#WSPRapidStatus
The WSP rapid status assessment approach builds on previously completed WSP integrated status assessments. The detailed WSP integrated assessments are labour intensive, taking 10-40 experts up to three days to complete for each group of CUs. For this reason, assessments have only been completed for ~11% of the 377 current Pacific Salmon CUs, many of which are outdated. The WSP rapid approach can fill gaps by expanding coverage of CU statuses across time, species, and geographic areas. The WSP rapid status approach ensures statuses are scientifically objective, consistent, and comparable across BC/Yukon CUs. This approach is also relatively easy to implement, applicable to data rich and data poor CUs, and can be updated annually.
Year basisc
IRI: https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#YearBasis
A year-based temporal reference used to contextualize measurements or rates (e.g., brood year or catch year).
Legend
c: Classes
op: Object Properties
ep: External Properties
op: Object Properties
ep: External Properties
Namespace declarations
| [Ontology NS Prefix] | <https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon> |
| bfo | <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_> |
| dcterms | <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> |
| dqv | <http://www.w3.org/ns/dqv#> |
| dwc | <http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/> |
| dwciri | <http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/> |
| envo | <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_> |
| gcdfo | <https://w3id.org/gcdfo/salmon#> |
| iao | <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_> |
| oa | <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#> |
| obo | <http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/> |
| odo | <http://purl.dataone.org/odo/> |
| org | <http://www.w3.org/ns/org#> |
| owl | <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#> |
| prov | <http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#> |
| qudt | <http://qudt.org/schema/qudt/> |
| qudtunit | <http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/> |
| rdf | <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#> |
| rdfs | <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#> |
| schema | <https://schema.org/> |
| skos | <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#> |
| xml | <http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace> |
| xsd | <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#> |
References
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.